Woodrow Wilson 28th President of the United States

Essay about So You Want to be a Hero - 2988 Words

So You Want to be a Hero: An Account of Heroism and Narrative Power in Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Though both considered heroes, Beowulf and Sir Gawain are drastically different characters in personality, ability, and perspective. The similarities are few: each performs deeds for which they gain fame and honor, and each is seen, in their own respects, as a paragon of virtue. Two factors immediately stand out as fundamental differences between the texts: Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight suggest fundamentally disparate views of religion and of courtly manners. Superficially, Beowulf displays a distinct lack of either in any but the most rudimentary way, while Sir Gawain is completely permeated with both. These†¦show more content†¦God will preserve his soul. Sir Gawains chivalry is by the book, as well; after sparring verbally all morning with the as-yet-unnamed Lady Bercilak in a manner worthy of Andrew the Chaplain himself, she trumps him, forcing him to give her a kiss, declaring: But our guest is not Gawain emdash; forgot is that thought... So good a knight as Gawain is given out to be, And the model of fair demeanor and manners pure, Had he lain so long at a ladys side Would have claimed a kiss, by his courtesy, Through some touch or trick of phrase at some tales end [III-1293-1301]. She, knowing Sir Gawain would never be un-courtly to a lady, plays his own ethics against him to obtain her desire. Beowulf describes a world not of Christian harmony and logos but rather of barely restrained chaos, in which life is at best somewhat futile and at worst totally meaningless. Religion and courtly manners have not become as elaborate, and are generally more fluid. Beowulf is judged a hero, then, against different criteria. His deeds are valiant because they bring him reputation and glory: among his very first words to Hrothgar upon his arrival Beowulf proclaims, the days/ Of my youth have been filled with glory (Beowulf chapterShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Hero?1168 Words   |  5 Pages Abraham Lincoln, Gandhi, what do these three have in common? They’re all heroes. But what truly is a hero? Is it one who wins independence for his country, or one that helps an old lady cross the street? And should we aspire to be like this person? Using Brecht’s Life of Galileo, Beethoven’s Heiligenstadt Testament and Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, we’ll attempt to a nswer that question. A hero typically in today’s culture is considered as someone who is admired for his courage and other noble qualitiesRead MoreWhat it takes to be a hero Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesword â€Å"hero† to anyone that does a good deed. I disagree with this because, good deeds don’t necessarily make you a hero, they make you a good person. Being heroic should come naturally. Heroes are born, not made. A hero must be courageous, kind-hearted and humble. I understand that many people have their own view on what a hero is. People label heroes by the things they do. Some even label people heroes just because they are famous. There is a big difference between a role model and a hero. It wasRead MoreA Hero : A Definition Of A Hero714 Words   |  3 Pagesis a definition of a hero ?The definition of a hero is a person who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. Being a hero is more than just saving a person it includes helping those who are in need, and offering support to others in their area of weakness,I also think Of Jesus Christ our lord and savior as an example of an hero.Because God is that savior who helps you and guides you.You see God is the biggest and best hero. God is so extraordinary that heRead MoreThe Hero Of Christopher Reeve1096 Words   |  5 Pages Christopher Reeve once said, â€Å"a hero is an ordinary individual who finds the strength to persevere and endure in s pite of overwhelming obstacles† (Google). Now, you’re probably thinking who is he; didn’t he die back in the 2000’s? Yes, he did die in 2004 but he is still best known for his comic book Superman but I’m getting off subject. Let’s talk about this quote and why I chose my mom to be my superhero. A hero, in Christopher Reeve’s words, is any kind of individual who finds strength andRead MoreIs Gatsby A Hero Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pages The word â€Å"hero† is a Greek word coming from the word heroine, usually is considered of good character and noble. Making sacrifices that may affect themselves but will result in a greater outcome for others is a typical action made from people and characters who are considered heroic. Jay Gatsby, however, is not a heroic character in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby.† Compared to other characters in other novels who are heros, their personalities and actions do not match up. Take AtticusRead MoreRelationship Between Hero And Villain1458 Words   |  6 PagesDescription of Hero a. Description of hero to make him clearly good and for us to root for him (just needs to emphasize that he’s good and likeable [law abiding]) b. Make sure we illustrate the powers of the hero so that we can show him NOT use them later. i. The star of this story is Green Lightning. He is a young rookie hero that believes in making his hometown a better place by caring for others in needs and cooperating with authorities to apprehend the local villains who causes mayhem. Our hero was bornRead MoreThe Importance Of A Hero796 Words   |  4 Pageswhen the hero within us is revealed ¨- Bob Riley. In other words, you are not born a hero, doing what you think is right in bad situations is what makes you a hero and makes a hero shed their true skin. Although most people think that a hero has a cape and tights, that is not always true because a hero can be anywhere or anyone. What really makes someone a hero is doing whats right to insure the safety and well being of others. What is a hero? As stated in Kendra Cherry ´s article, A hero is someoneRead MoreHeroism Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant day. Because you have a difficult decision to make. Will you embrace the gift that you’ve been given? Or will you stand by and waste it away, another day? Will you honor those who came before you, that created this earth and this world for you to experience? Or will you let them down by living with a negative mindset that holds you back? You are the author of your own superhero comic each day is a new page. You get to choose the type of character you want to be. You are writing a story thatRead MoreAnti Hero By James M. Cain1586 Words   |  7 Pagesleaning against a wall, the captivating anti-hero stands double crossed in the stereotypical L.A. noir genre. Right in the heat of World War II noir started to rise to the top and become a popular source of entertainment and instant distraction from reality. Many people were drawn to the anti-hero; they were drawn to the flawed characters who were the â€Å"heroes† despite their flaws. A hero embodies what people want to be, most consider noir anti-hero’s the same. You can idolize them in a story, but they allRead MoreWhat Is The Word Hero? Bravery?767 Words   |  4 PagesWhat comes to mind when you hear the word hero? Bravery? Courage? Selflessness? When you hear hero, you may think of Harry Potter who saved the world seven different times. You may think of Superman, and how he defeats the villains. You may think of Malala Yousafzai, who put her life on the line for her education. You may think of your mom, who cares and supports you unconditionally. God may come to mind, who continues to show mercy and forgiveness every day. These are all perfect, stereotypical

Principles of Corporate Finance

Question: Describe about investment game corporate finance? Answer: Introduction The main aim of this report is to review an investment game whereby we had to invest 1,000,000 on behalf of Archie keeping in mind his needs, preferences and risk appetite. This report highlights the underlying theory, strategy employed and underlying research which was done in order to frame a customised portfolio for Archie. Discussion of Theory According to Markowitz, it is possible to design an efficient portfolio keeping the risk appetite, preferences and needs of a particular investor in mind. In this regard, particular attention needs to be paid on the liquidity requirements, investment horizon and asset preference of the investor. Besides, it is known that investment in stocks in the form of equity can be a risky proposition hence effective diversification holds the key so that unsystematic risk associated with investing in stock can be minimised. Also it is imperative that with the change in investor needs the portfolio should also reflect the same and therefore an active involvement may be required in management of the asset portfolio (Brealey, Myers Allen, 2008). With regards to investing in stocks, investors and academicians suggest two basic parameters for choosing stocks namely the price of entry and the fundamental strength of the company and sector. These two core principles form the tenet of the major theories in stock investment namely technical analysis and fundamental analysis. It is normally assumed that traders go for the former while investors go for the latter primarily due to difference in their investment horizons. However some advocate that given the vagaries and unexpected movements in stock prices, it is prudent to combine both the approaches as and when possible (Damodaran, 2008). The technical analysis is primarily based on the belief that past price movements can help in prediction of future prices and essentially relies on finding support and resistance levels through constant observation of the stock price movements. It recommends entering a stock near the support price level and booking profits near the resistance levels. During this not much importance is given to the business model and performance of the underlying company. However the fundamental analysis refutes this and relies on the fundamentals of not only the organization but the sector and economy as a whole. Investors relying on fundamental analysis typically invest in only those companies whose business they understand and believe would well in the future. Although a number of stock market participants tend to rely on at least one of these approaches, however the utility of these is refuted by the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) which is propagated by Eugene Fama and advocates that no investo r can earn above average returns in the stock market on a sustainable basis and thus stock analysis through various tools is essentially a futile exercise (Parrino Kidwell, 2011). Groups Strategy Our group strategy is to primarily fulfil the requirements of the clients and frame a portfolio which can give reasonable returns. Archie seeks to retire in 5 years and till that time aims to increase his capital to the maximum, hence the investment decisions have been taken considering that the longest horizon possible is 5 years. Hence small cap specialist pharmaceutical companies dedicated to R D which may have the potential to yield phenomenal returns in a longer horizon of around 10 years have not been considered. Additionally emphasis has been given to fundamentally sound companies since enough time horizon is available. Also for deploying technical analysis, observation of a particular stock for a sizable time may be required which has not been really possible in the limited exposure we have had with the stock market. However while making trades price has also been given due consideration and not only the fundamentals of the underlying stock. Since Archie during the next 5 years also expects to receive some income in the form of dividends, hence majority stocks chosen were those which had a lucrative and regular dividend income flow. This would enable Archie to meet his holiday funding and expenses related to car. Since Archie would like to contribute to the purchase of property in10 years time, hence the investments are such which maximise the return but simultaneously do not enhance the risk too much. Therefore even though some of the small cap companies offered immense potential but due to inconsistent execution record such companies were not invested into. Since Archie is generally risk averse, hence investments has been limited to large cap companies which are part of FTSE 100 index so that in the long run at least capital preservation is assured. Further due to lack of any experience in stock market investing and lack of knowledge about smaller companies, even though Archie permits 10% of the fund to be invested in risky investments, this has not been exhibited since there was no consensus in the group with regards to a particular company and also there was a general lack of conviction. Due emphasis has been given to diversification of the portfolio so that the unsystematic risk is minimised. However since the portfolio could contain a maximum of 5 stocks hence the portfolio is rather not very diversified. Further 10% of the fund has been kept aside in banks for contingency usage. Description of research approach To begin with, we have tried to shortlist certain stocks/sectors that we would like to invest so as to make handsome gains in the short to medium term. These opportunities are discussed below. We were aware that during the time period when we were supposed to trade that crude oil had crashed below $ 50 per barrel which clearly seemed highly oversold and thus the situation or trend would have to take a turn in the near to medium future. Due to crashing crude prices, the crude oil producers and refiners are hit as a result of which there stock would tumble. In this regard, the first company we could think was British Petroleum since it satisfies the tenets of our overall investment strategy. We studied the stock price movements of BP using Yahoo Finance Interactive chart and compared the movements with that of crude oil and thus were able to identify a visible correlation. However care was taken to enter the stock at the right price and hence when it took a major dip in the second week of March (i.e. Week 8), we bought BP shares (Yahoo Finance, 2015). We were aware about the recovery in the US economy which was apparent with the halt in QE program and hence this recovery meant an increase in demand by the US consumers which would fuel the growth of manufacturing sector of the East particularly China. This would lead to a greater demand of various commodities and would result in the increase of global commodity prices. As a result we wanted to buy into a assorted miner which has global presence. We had two choices namely Rio Tinto and BHP Billiton but we eventually settled for BHP Billiton due to analyst opinion and some reports available on e-databases and online search (Yahoo Finance, 2015). Since BP and BHP Billiton are both commodity based businesses, we wanted to invest in another sector which is robust and is expected to do well in wake of global economy recovery. This sector we felt is the organized retail sector and thus we bought Tesco which is the largest retailer based in UK and has a robust business model. Although there was debate regarding an investment in pharmaceutical company such as GSK but the majority were not in favour as they felt that the global economy after a tough phase is looking for better times. Summary of Trades The summary of trades is presented in the table shown below (Yahoo Finance, 2015). Date Stock Bought Price (GBP) Quantity Commission Amount Invested Remaining in Bank 4th March Tesco Plc 2.42 120,000 2,904 290,400 706,696 13th March BP Plc 4.17 70,000 2,919 291,900 411,877 17th March BHP Billiton Plc 28.65 10,500 3,008 300,825 108,044 The final portfolio as on 20th March end of day is as follows (Yahoo Finance, 2015). S.No. Asset Invested Amount Valuation on 20th March 1 Tesco Plc 290,400 293,820 2 BP Plc 291,900 315,700 3 BHP Billiton Plc 300,825 323,190 4 Bank Account 108,044 108,044 Total 1,040,754 Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that within the limited knowledge and exposure that we had, we did a decent job at choosing a portfolio for Archie which fulfils most of the criteria which were given by Archie. However looking back, we felt that we could have devoted 10% of the fund value to a more aggressive small cap company which could have enhanced the returns. But lack of confidence and the fact that we were doing this for the first time made us adopt a cautious and calibrated approach. With this experience, it is apparent that going forward we can be more creative and try to make trading picks based on constant news flow which we were not able to do this time round. Additionally we would have ideally liked to have one or two more stocks in the portfolio particularly belonging to the cyclic industries such as automobiles which would result in some more diversification and may be factor in defensive sector such as pharmaceutical in case of any global crisis in the n ear future. References Brealey, R, Myers, S Allen, F 2008, Principles of Corporate Finance, 9th edition, McGraw Hill Publications, New York Damodaran, A 2008, Corporate Finance, Wiley Publications Pvt. Ltd, London Parrino, R Kidwell, D 2011, Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, Wiley Publications Pvt. Ltd, LondonYahoo Finance 2015. Historical Stock Prices, Yahoo Finance, Available [Online] from: https://uk.finance.yahoo.com (Accessed February 20, 2015)

THE HISTORY OF GOOGLE Essay Example For Students

THE HISTORY OF GOOGLE Essay THE HISTORY OF GOOGLEThe internet is one (if not) the biggest fastest forms of communication we use in this world. Its used to connect people to one another from any point on the earth. The internet also consist of a large number of search engine. Each search engine can look up and find about anything you are looking for. One of the biggest search engines today is google. Google is a play on the word googol. Googol was coined by a man named Milton Sirotta. Milton Sirotta was the nephew of an American mathematician Edward Kasner and James Newman. The word googol means the number represented by the number one followed by a hundred zeros. Google used that term because the internet seems to have infinite amount of information, and there doesnt seem to be a name more suitable. We will write a custom essay on THE HISTORY OF GOOGLE specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The two founders of google are Larry Page and Sergey Brin. They both were graduate students at Stanford university in computer science in 1995. During the month of January of 1996 Larry Page and Sergey Brin began working on a search engine they named Backrub. They used this name because of its ability to analyze the back links pointing to a given website. Larry Page took on the task of creating a new kind of internet server source that would use low-end PCs instead of the big expensive machines. Both Larry Page and Sergey Brin kept working to make their technology as perfect as they could for the first half of 1998. They purchased a terabyte of disks at low bargain prices. They built their own computer center in Larrys Pages dorm room. The computer center in Pages room actually later became googles first data center. While working on that Brin had opened to find potential partners that might want to license a search technology better than any other available. One of the potential partners they called was a friend of theres (who is the founder of yahoo) David Filo. Filo agreed that Page and Brin had technology that was very solid. He advised Page and Brin to develop there service themselves by starting a search engine company. No other potential partners were interested in google. A portal CEO told Page and Brin as long as were 80 percent as good as our competitors, thats good enough. Our users dont really core about search. Although Page and Brin were unable to interest the major portal players, they decided to go at it alone. All they needed was more money out of the dorm, and to clear up unpaid credit cards they used up by buying a terabyte of memory. One day Page and Brin came across Andy Bechtolsheim. Bechtolsheim is one of the founders of sun Microsystems. He took one look at the demo of google (Page and Brin had created) and he knew it had a lot of potential. At the time Bechtolsheim was in a rush, so since he liked what he saw he wrote Page and Brin a check for one thousand dollars. Unfortunately since there was no legal company know as google inc. they couldnt deposit the check. They held on to it while they scrambled to set up a corporation. While looking for funding there total investment was almost one million dollars. On September 7, 1998, google inc. opened google inc. first home. It was a space attached to a friends garage. They hired there first employee there. Craig Silverstein was the f irst employee hired and was named googles director of technology. Google.com (still in beta) was growing and was answering 10,000 search queries each day. The media began to notice the new search engine and by December of 1998 PC magazine named google one of its top 100 web sites and search engines. The more the media noticed google the more it moved up in the world. By feburary of 1999 google had grown substantially larger and had to move from its small home Menlo Park. Google inc. moved to an office on university avenue in Palo Alto. At this point google inc. had eight employees, and the service was answering more than five hundred thousand queries per day. Now that google was growing more companys became interested in the service. Red hat signed on as googles first commercial search customer. .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .postImageUrl , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:hover , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:visited , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:active { border:0!important; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:active , .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053 .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f3338231c5307e950c2d46cc328b053:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Unemployment EssayGoogle had begun to encounter gridlock so they alleviated the problem with a move to the googleplex. Thats googles current headquarters in mount vice, California. Both aol and nestscape decided on google aas there web search service. By doing so aol and nestscape helped push traffic levels post three million searches per day. Google continuously kept growing. Google went international when Italian Portal Virgilo, Virgin net, and the Uks leading online entertainment guide signed on as a client. The growth of google bought in awards like the technical excellence award for innovation in web application development from PC magazine and inclusion in several be st of list. At the googleplex, they foster a relaxed mood which promotes a positive work drive. TLC googleplex office has things such as large rubber exercise balls in place of chairs, large dogs, and open space opposed to cubicals. Moreover the googleplex parking lot were used to roller hockey games twice a week. The people at googleplex believe that a relaxed work enviorment fosters an accelerated exchange of ideas and collegiality. Some of googles improvements include the google dictionary and the ability to search via wireless devices. Also, google has made itself more marketable by introducing ten language versions. Googles accomplishments are beginning to fill their mantle. Google was awarded the webby award and a peoples voice award for technical achievement in May 2000. After introducing a billion page index. Google became the worlds largest search engine. This billion page index allows so much of the webs content to be accessed in a searchable format. On June 26, google and yahoo announced a new partnership. Moreover, partnership deals were announced with chinas leading portal Netease and NECs BIGLOBE portal in Japan. Both added google to their sites. On June 26 google and yahoo announced to the world that the two server giants started a partnership. After that partnership was bought out, in the following months numerous partnerships with google were announced with companys like: netscape and necs biglobe (which portals in japan). In late 2000 google enhanced users power by allowing users to search anywhere on the web. Google helped enhance this by introducing the google toolbar. At the conclusion of 2000 google was handling over a hundred million search queries a day. That still wasnt enough for google inc. because they where still searching for new ways to connect people with information they need. Meanwhile, google had taken on a cornerstone of internet culture. In Feburary google took on the assets of Deja.com and began the arduous task of intergrating the huge volume of data in the internets largest usenet archive into a searchable format. Basically what that means is that google provided the searchers with improved postings, post removal, and threading of the 500 million plus messages exchanged over the years. As google saw there global audience continue to grow, they noticed a lot of search queries. By noticing these queries google noticed where humanitys mind was at. Google sat down and sort through countless numbers of keywords and captured the top searches and came up with the google zeitgeist. Googles definition of the google zeitgeist as a showcase of rising and falling stars in the search firmament as names and places flicker from obscurity to center stage and fade back again. Over the years to come, googles capabilities multiplied. Even down to the companys financial footing became even more secure. Toward the beginning of the fourth quarter in 2001, google announced that they had discovered what a lot of other online companys couldnt and thats profitability. Googles popularity kept growing and as a result of that so did the circle of friends as they called it. Google reached an agreement with lycris korea which brought googles search to a new group of asian internet users. Later in October of 2001 google developed a partnership with Universo online. With this partnership this mad google latin americas premier search engine. Now that google had gone international, they opened new sales offices in hamburg and Tokyo to satisfy the growing international interest in googles advertising programs. Now that google went international users could limit there search to sites written in Arabic, Turkish, or any of 26 other languages. Google then added a few new features file type search added a dozen formats to googles roster of searchable documents. In the month of December google launched a new feature called google image search. Google image search first launched during the summer with 250 million images. And came out of beta with advanced search added and expanded image index. Google to a stop forward and introduced the google catalog search. Google users were able to search over 1,100 mail order catalogs that were in the past only available in print. Also in deeember google reached a huge mile stone when the google search index reached three billion searchable web documents. This was another leap forward toward google achieving there goal to make the worlds information accessible. Googles year came to a close appropriately with the year end google zeitgeist a retrospective on the search patterns, trends, and top search terms of 2001. .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .postImageUrl , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:hover , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:visited , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:active { border:0!important; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:active , .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0 .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5da262aadbfb13269f777b42c8ebd9a0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Oskar Schindler and the Famous List EssayIn febuary of 2002 google introduced the google search appliance. Google search appliance is a plug-and-play search solution in a bright yellow box. Soon it had e-commerce sites, university networking, and company intranet, with organizations from boeing to the university of florida powering their searches with google in a box. The 2001 search engine watch awards ( which was announced in febuary 2002) awarded google top honors for outstanding search service, best image search engine, best design, most webmaster friendly search engine, and best search feature. Google showed its love for its users by bringing forth the google programming contest. This contest daunted challenge with a tempting prize of ten thousand dollars, a visit to the googleplex, and a chance for the winner to spend some quality time with the google code base. The contest was later one by Daniel Egnor who went on to create a program enabling users to search for webpages within a specified geographic area. In the year 2004 google achieved new services. One of those services was local search for those times when all a person needs is a neighborhood place close enough to deliver, pick up something in driving distance or walking distance. On april 1 google announced it was offering free emails with 1,000 megabytes of memory and had plans to open an engineering office on the moon. In conclusion the internet is a rapid growing machine. It consist of many different areas. One of the internets major areas is the search engines. Right now google is the one of the biggest search engines if not the biggest. Google went from a small company first in a dorm room, to a garage, to a front office, and now talk of an office on the moon. That alone goes to show just how important search engines are on the web and how many people need and use them.

Introduction to Psychology Focus Guides Essays - Free Essays

Introduction to Psychology Focus Guides Essays - Free Essays Introduction to Psychology Focus Guides Intro and What is Psychology pgs. 5-7 History of Psychology pgs. 8-25 It is more important for you to know what each domains purpose was rather than memorizing all of the people associated with each domain/perspective. Yes, it is good to be familiar with some of the names for each perspective, but focus more on what the researchers studied within each perspective. What questions were they trying to answer? How were they trying to answer those questions? The answer to this last question is NOT Science. What were each researchers techniques/methods for testing theories? Wundt and structuralism James and Functionalism Freud and Psychoanalytic theory Gestalt psychology Behaviorism Humanism dont try to memorize Maslows hierarchy of needs. Im not going to ask you about that. The Cognitive Revolution Multicultural psychology Contemporary Psychology Biopsychology Evolutionary psychology Developmental psychology Cognitive Psychology Social Psychology I/O Psychology Clinical/Counseling psychology Forensic Psychology School psychology Helpful tips for the Introduction to Psychology chapter: Please dont try to memorize these domains/perspectives as individual pieces of history. Focus on making connections between the domains/perspectives. Try and see how they work together OR are in conflict with each other. Which ones try to answer large questions about human behavior (i.e. Behaviorism)? Which ones are focused and only address one or a couple of types of human behavior? Or perhaps, which domains focus on human behavior in specific contexts (i.e. I/O psychology, School Psychology?

APU Admissions - SAT Scores, Financial Aid More

APU Admissions - SAT Scores, Financial Aid More The acceptance rate at Alaska Pacific University was 55% in 2016; admitted students tend to have high school GPAs in the A and B range. Standardized test scores are not required, so applicants need not worry if their ACT or SAT scores are not ideal. Be sure to check the universitys admissions website to learn about the specific admission requirements for different academic programs.. Admissions Data (2016): Percent of Applicants Admitted: 55 percentTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: - / -SAT Math: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: - / -ACT English: - / -ACT Math: - / -What these ACT numbers mean Alaska Pacific University Description: Alaska Pacific University is the only four-year college in Alaska with selective admissions. Students can choose from eleven undergraduate majors and five graduate programs. The college takes pride in the close relationship between students and faculty, the hands-on approach to learning, and the high levels of student engagement. Academics are supported by a healthy 8 to 1 student / faculty ratio. If youre worried about attending such a small school with only a few hundred undergraduates, realize that the University of Alaska Anchorage and its 18,000 students is next door. Student life is active with a wide range of clubs and activities, and Alaskas rich landscape provides students with unlimited outdoor opportunities. The university recently dedicated the Thomas Training Center on Eagle Glacier, a place where the Nordic Ski Team trains during summer months. Alaska Pacific University is a member of the Eco League with four other small colleges that focus on sustainability:  College of the Atlantic,  Green Mountain College,  Northland College, and  Prescott College. Students can easily take a semester or two at one of these other schools. High school students  from Anchorage should look into APUs Early Honors program which allows them to take all of their senior year classes at Alaska Pacific and graduate from high school with a years worth of transferable college credit. Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 541  (298 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 37  percent male / 63 percent female73  percent full-time Costs (2016 - 17): Tuition and Fees: $20,310Books: $1,220 (why so much?)Room and Board: $7,260Other Expenses: $4,900Total Cost: $33,690 Alaska Pacific University Financial Aid (2015- 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 100 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 97 percentLoans: 63 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $12,375Loans: $8,006 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Business Administration, Education, Marine Biology, Psychology Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 51 percentTransfer-out Rate: 27 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 39 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 48 percent DateSource: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like Alaska Pacific University, You May Also Like These Schools: Students looking for a small (1,000 students) school on the West Coast/Pacific Northwest should also check out  Warner Pacific University, Northwest University, and  Alaska Bible College. Even without any varsity athletic programs, students at APU can get outside and enjoy hiking and skiing around the area. Other schools with great skiing clubs or teams include Colby College, Colorado College, Reed College, and Montana State University. APU and the Common Application Alaska Pacific University uses the Common Application. These articles can help guide you: Common Application essay tips and samplesShort answer tips and samplesSupplemental essay tips and samples

Evidence-Based Practice Projects Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Evidence-Based Practice Projects - Coursework Example Literature focus identifies the essential information to be shared (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011). The approach also helps medical practitioners to share information efficiently as well as evaluate end products in researches. Quantitative research is considered as the best method to be applied in literature focus. Many clinicians use this method to validity study findings thus meeting the core principles of Evidence-Based Practice. Quantitative studies are flexible as it creates room for the analysis of two independent variables (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011). For instance, in the clinical study of hypertension, a clinician may choose to analyze the causes of the disease by studying why one group is diagnosed with the ailment while the other is not. The method can be evaluated through population response after presenting the outcome of a medical research to the general public. EBP posters can be used to showcase the result of a quantitative study research practice on a certain disease to the general public (Forsyth et. al, 2010). The aim of this approach would be to analyze public response in order to evaluate the validity of quantitative study research practice. EBP posters are effective to use when aiming to reach a multitude of people (Forsyth et. al, 2010). Clinical canceling can also be used to reach many people with the aim of determining the validity of a quantitative research study. Quantitative research is an effective approach in disseminating EBP as it fosters simplicity in clinical practice to practitioners.

Aerodynamic Drag Reduction in Modern Consumer Automobiles Dissertation

Aerodynamic Drag Reduction in Modern Consumer Automobiles - Dissertation Example Within the course of their experiments, they uncovered many different types of aerodynamic drag on vehicles. In addressing these disparities, they came up with various modern designs to also help to reduce drag. Moreover, it can be seen that dissimilarities existed in the differences between racing car design and road car design, which had led them to explore the reasons why road vehicles did not look like racing cars. This paper will investigate other factors, such as European legislation, that influences the appearance of road vehicles. In addition, it will discuss how and why the appearance of modern cars changed in recent years through the use of texts, pictures, graphs, equations and diagrams. Moreover, the role of Bernoulli relationship on the flow around an object will be explored as well as an explanation of boundary layer properties. Finally, it will analyze flow control using passive methods like vortex generators. Clearly, researchers in their investigations had devised in novative ways to reduce the aerodynamic drag of modern road vehicles. Bettes (1982) defined aerodynamic drag as occurring when a car moved through air and the energy that opposed its direction and slowed down its movement. Another more comprehensive definition of aerodynamic drag was: †The resistance of the air to forward movement, sometimes called "aerodynamic drag". This is a factor of the shape of the vehicle, the objects which stick out (i.e., mirrors, mufflers, bumpers), the amount of turbulence at the rear of the vehicle, the nature of the vehicle's skin surface, and the amount of air going through the vehicle for cooling and ventilation. The faster you go, the greater the air friction (proportional to velocity ²). At the same time, the power to overcome such friction is proportional to velocity ³.† (www.f1technical.net/glossary/). ... Moreover, the role of Bernoulli relationship on the flow around an object will be explored as well as an explanation of boundary layer properties. Finally, it will analyze flow control using passive methods like vortex generators. Clearly, researchers in their investigations had devised innovative ways to reduce the aerodynamic drag of modern road vehicles. II. Aerodynamic Drag of Vehicles a. Drag and the Different Types of Aerodynamic Drag on Vehicles Bettes (1982) defined aerodynamic drag as occurring when a car moved through air and the energy that opposed its direction and slowed down its movement. Another more comprehensive definition of aerodynamic drag was: †The resistance of the air to forward movement, sometimes called "aerodynamic drag". This is a factor of the shape of the vehicle, the objects which stick out (i.e., mirrors, mufflers, bumpers), the amount of turbulence at the rear of the vehicle, the nature of the vehicle's skin surface, and the amount of air going t hrough the vehicle for cooling and ventilation. The faster you go, the greater the air friction (proportional to velocity?). At the same time, the power to overcome such friction is proportional to velocity?.† (www.f1technical.net/glossary/). Bettes (1982) examined the fuel use required to offset the aerodynamic drag of road vehicles, but it served as one of many factors affecting cars. Lift force and the side force comprised other factors as well, which were referred to in non dimensional coefficients used in a broad speed array. Moreover, these forces and their associations with their axes (pitching, yawing, and rolling) relied upon the square of the speed of the

Immigration to the United States Essay Example for Free

Immigration to the United States Essay Immigrants in the the United States have been the backbone for American for centries. People from all over the world have come to live the American dream that so many hear about throughout the world. America has been home to every different natationalty one can think of, and between the years of 1836 to 1914, over 30 million Europeans migrated to the United States. [1] Now, in that time most of those immigrants were coming to America to become citizen of the United States with hopes of finding their own American dream. Today, the chase for the American dream has become a lot different and the majority of the immigrants funneling into American are the Latin Americans. With the hardships happen throughout Latin America, many are forced into finding a better life abroad. Like many other immigrants in the past, Latin Americans are turning to the United States for a better life. Economist have been trying to understand the effects immigration has had on the United States both positively and negatively for many years now. It is a hard task to understand the effects that Latin Americans have had on the United States labor market and there are many factors to be understood and many variables to examine. For this paper, I attempt to identify the outstanding influential factors that have charged this new wave of immigrants and effects it has had on the US economy both positively and negatively. The Pew Hispanic Center estimated in December 2012 that there were 11. 1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the U. S. s of March 2011, unchanged from the previous two years and a continuation of the sharp decline from its peak of 12 million in 2007. This decline has been the first significant decrease following two decades of growth up to 2007 [5]. Net immigration from Mexico to the U. S. has stopped and possibly reversed since 2010 and at its peak in 2000, about 770,000 immigrants arrived annually from Mexico; the majority arrived illegally. By 2010, the inflow had dropped to about 140,000, a majority of whom arrived as legal immigrants. 5] To understand the economics of this new immigration wave, one must find the main networks in which the Latin American are using to become part of the US economic system. Latin Americans came by the millions and many chose big cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, Dallas and many parts of the American southwest. The reasoning behind that in somewhat obvious; because there are more jobs in big cities. Although the illegal immigrants were not aiming at high paid jobs in big cities, many Americans dont see the effect it has had to them personally. Like many Latin American immigrants, they turned to jobs that are mostly manual labor and require little education. Many choose this route because that is where the majority of Latin Americans can fit in and work in the US economy. When immigrants choose to migrate to another country, they tend to stay together and rely on one another for survival. They find that most relationships are based on kinship, friendship, and in particular, paisanaje (belonging to a common origin-community). Ties among paisanos actually appear to strengthen once they arrive in the United States, and this sociological change is reinforced by the emergence of community-based institutions, such as soccer clubs, which bring the migrants together. [2] Forming a community of immigrants in the same region make it easier to find jobs without having to start from scratch in an unknown world. Like many other immigrants in the past, they want to live close and stay together so it is easier to prosper economically. Illegal immigrants choose to work for below the minimum wage because one, they are illegal and cannot turn to the government for reinforcement, and two, they are making more money in the United States then they were in Latin America. Also, many firms in the United States would rather hire an illegal immigrant that is willing to work for less money versus an American citizen who is obligated to make minimum wage. When the recession hit the United States, more and more employers were forced to hire illegal immigrants which caused a vicious cycle throughout the American economy. American tax payers were losing jobs to illegal immigrants that were not paying taxes that ultimately dammaged the economy. Many saw this as a horrible cycle that was strictly caused by illegal immigrants and many make a compelling argument but on the contrary, it drives American citizens to become more educated and fight for higher paying jobs. For instance, immigrants are usually allocated to manual-intensive jobs, promoting competition and pushing natives to perform communication-intensive tasks more efficiently. This process, at the same time, reorganizes firms’ structure, producing efficiency gains and pushing natives towards cognitive and communication- intensive jobs that are better paid. [3] These effects might take sometime to unfold fully and be visible to the American people and the American economy but as history has told us, immigration does had a positive effect in the long-run. When the economy is growing, new immigration creates jobs in sufficient numbers to leave native employment unharmed, even in the relatively short run. During downturns, however, new immigrants are found to have a small negative impact on native employment in the short run (but not the long run)[3]. Though the share of low- skilled native-born individuals in the US labor force has fallen, employers continue to require less-educated workers in US agriculture, construction, food processing, building cleaning and maintenance, and other low-end jobs [2]. Immigrants, unauthorized immigrants in particular, have stepped in to provide the source of manpower. Unauthorized immigrant workers have been an important source of low-skilled labor supply to the US economy for many decades. With that, the burst of illegal immigrants moving into a certain region is hard for any economy to cope with. With the millions of people migrating to certain cities within the US, many firms were overwhelmed. Firms could not provide jobs to the American tax payers because of recession so many Americans turned to unemployment, which then relys on the government for support, which is another vicious cycle that has a negative effect through the entire United States. Although many see themsleves as low-skilled workers, other latin americans come to the United States for education. Parents see a brighter future for their children in America and being a illegal is worth the risk. Also, illegal immigration occurs because foreign workers can earn much more in the United States than they can at home and US immigration restrictions prevent them from entering the country through legal means. Consider the gain to emigration for a young urban male in Mexico who has completed nine years of education (which in Mexico is equivalent to finishing secondary school). Simply by moving to the United States, the worker’s annual income would rise by 2. times, even after controlling for cost-of-living differences between the two countries. [5] The income gain from migration is a result of international differences in labor productivity, with labor in the United States being far more productive than in Mexico [6]. People who want a high paying job in the United States have to come legally. Compared to the rest of the world, the United States has a high number or well educate d citizens. Since there has been many advances in technology, many now want to go to the United States for high paid jobs which the demand is increasing. For this many turn to green cards for legal immigration and will be allowed a certain amount of time to work in the United States. For high-skilled labor, legal immigration is the primary means of entering the United States. Compared to the rest of the world, the United States has an abundant supply of highly educated labor. One might expect that, if anything, skilled labor would want to leave the country rather than try to move here. However, over the past two decades the U. S. economy has enjoyed rapid advances in new technology, which have increased the demand for highly skilled labor. 7] The spread of information technology, among other developments, has created demand for software programmers, electrical engineers, and other skilled technicians. Even with the abundant U. S. supply of educated labor, technology-induced increases in labor demand have made the country an attractive destination for educated workers from abroad. Employment-based green cards and temporary work visas m ake such skilled immigration possible. Although many Latin Americans do try for a green card, many are turned away because of the long process and abundance of new illegal immigrants already in the United States. These benefits, however, are not shared equally. Labor inflows from abroad redistribute income away from workers who compete with immigrants in the labor market [4]. George Borjas estimates that over the period 1980 to 2000 immigration contributed to a decrease in average U. S. wages of 3 percent. [9] This estimate accounts for the total change in the U. S. labor force due to immigration, including both legal and illegal sources. Since immigration is concentrated among the low-skilled, low-skilled natives are the workers most likely to be hurt. Over the 1980 to 2000 period, wages of native workers without a high school degree fell by 9 percent as a result of immigration [8]. On the other hand, lower wages for low-skilled labor mean lower prices for goods and services, especially those whose prices are set in local markets rather than through competition in global markets [8]. Patricia Cortes finds that in the 1980s and 1990s U. S. cities with larger inflows of low-skilled immigrants experienced larger reductions in prices for housekeeping, gardening, child care, dry cleaning, and other labor-intensive, locally traded services[8]. On top of all that, according th laws of the Untied States, any citizen born on US soil if classified a American citizen. This law has caused the many problems for the Untied States and the illegal immigrants are taking full advantage of it. They cross the border into the US and immediately start having children. Now, the law was implemented a long time ago when migration to the US was needed but n ow it is a big problem because America now has millions of illegal immigrants not paying taxes and not getting health insurance but everything they do requires the help from legal tax payers. It is unfair to all tax payers and puts a damper on the US economy. Although some undocumented immigrants receive Social Security and Medicare benefits, the majority do not receive any benefits from those programs[10]. Since false Social Security numbers are not directly linked to an individual who can take advantage of Social Security benefits, the majority of contributions to Social Security from undocumented immigrants go into an earnings suspense file. The Social Security Administration factors in the over $7 billion annual contributions from undocumented im- migrants into the Social Security Administration’s calculations and projections for the solvency of Social Security. 10] The retirement of the baby boom generation will lead to increased expenditures for Social Security and additional tax revenue is needed to provide Social Security benefits to current and future retirees. [11] Since undocumented immigrants are ineligible to receive government services, it is estimated that undocumented immi- grants pay an average of $1,800 per househ old, per year more to Social Security and Medicare than they utilize in services [12] Therefore, undocumented immigrants actually help Social Security and Medicare and help to provide services to current and future retirees. Moving forward to the the state and local level of immigrantion which sheds light to the impat on a smaller scale. While current rhetoric in the immigration debate decries how undocumented workers steal jobs, immigrants working in the U. S. do not take away jobs from citizens; instead they stimulate the state and local economies and complement the workforce by providing a necessary pool of unskilled labor. [13] Although there are many costs involved, there may be economic benefits associated with having undocumented children in schools that are often not considered. Higher student enrollment can create more jobs, not just for teachers, but for all educational related services like administrators, maintenance staff, teaching assistants and other professionals, bus drivers, and other school staff which would help local and state economies. The creation of jobs as a result of higher student enrollment often results in an increase in federal funding for schools and can lead to an increase in state and local revenue generated by income and sales taxes. [14] Also, when ore people are going to school there is back school shopping which also has a big impact for business during the year. Contrary to the implication that immigrants exacerbate unemployment, high rates of immigration are linked to less unemployment [16]. This does not diminish the economy, but encourages specialization and increases wages for native workers [17]. Most undocumented immigrants in the U. S. work in low-skilled jobs and do not compete with American workers. The influx of low-skilled laborers into the U. S. as been shown to slow the decline of manufacturing industries and contribute to the creation of new jobs [18]. For example, the Bell Policy Center found that for every job held by an undocumented immigrant in Colorado, 0. 8 jobs are created [19]. While there are not that many official estimates from the federal government showing how much undocumented immigrants contribute to the U. S. economy, the research indicates that undocumented immigration is part of a positive force that immigration has upon the U. S. economy.

Richard the Third as a Hero or a Villain :: Papers Richard III

A hero is a man who is distinguished by exceptional courage, nobility and strength to carry out tasks that are involving great risks. A hero can also be a person who fights for other people to help or save them from their fears. He opposes the villain- a person who does wicked or evil intentionally to harm others in some way, emotionally or physically. A character that is placed to do badly. He is always opposing the hero to overthrow the hero’s qualities to gain power from the other side to help him or his side. Villain: Richard is seen as a villain in some aspects because he kills anyone who stands in his way. Richard talks about a pretext for his villainy by pointing out his physical deformity. â€Å"Why, I in this weak piping time of peace. Have no delight to pass away the time unless to spy my shadow in the sun and descant on mine own deformity. And therefore since I cannot prove a lover to entertain these fair well-spoken days, I am determined to prove a villain and hate the idle pleasures of these days.† He says that since he was not made to be a lover, he has no use for peace, and will willingly destroy peace with his crimes. This contributes to a very villainous role. Richard begins his movement for the throne. He manipulates Lady Anne, into marrying him, even though she knows that he murdered her first husband. He has his own older brother, Clarence, executed, and shifts the burden of guilt onto his sick older brother King Edward. He is eager to get the throne and he kills an enormous amount of people to get there: King Edward. Court noblemen, Lord Hastings, kinsmen of Edward, Queen Elizabeth, the two young princes and Queen Anne. These people were killed because he needed to get the throne for his greed. Only a villain would commit these crimes for his greed. Richard is disloyal by betrayal of close family, friends and relatives.

Renal System Study Guide

Renal System Study Guide Med/Surg I Major Functions of Kidney: Regulation of Homeostasis -Filters blood & regulates contents (water content & blood volume) -Maintain acid-base balance -Control fluid & electrolytes -Excrete metabolic waste products -Control BP (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone) Urinary System Structure: Kidneys (produce urine), Ureters (transport urine to bladder), Bladder (stores urine), Urethra (conduct urine outside body) *Nephron- working unit of kidney *Kidneys receive 25% of cardiac output= approx. 1 Liter GRF= 125ml/min & increases at night Renal Hormones: ADH- works in DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE Aldosterone- made in ADRENAL CORTEX ANP- inhibits secretion of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone & water absorption by kidney tubules Erythropoietin- stimulates marrow to make more RBC's Renin- made & released in JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE decreased renal perfusion= low BP ;JGA releases renin ;Liver releases angiotensin I ;Lungs convert angio I to a ngiotensin II ; Increase in BP due to VASOCONSTRICTION, myocardial contractility, VOLUME INCREASE becase ALDOSTERONE is released by ADRENAL CORTEX ;Aldosterone causes sodium & water to be REABSORPTION & potassium excretion **** This stops once BP is normal because it is a NEGATIVE feedback system Lab Tests/Diagnostics: Creatnine- 0. 6-1. 2 End product of muscle & protein metabolism -reflects GFR, renal disease is the only condition to increase creatnine level (not effected by hydration status) BUN- 8-16 measures amount of urea (byproduct of protein metabolism in liver) -factors affecting BUN: hydration/ urine flow, hypoperfusion, metabolic rate, drugs, diet Elevated BUN with normal creatnine= DEHYDRATION/Volume depletion/low perfusion -Elevated BUN & Creatnine= RENAL FAILURE/Dysfunction Specific Gravity- 1. 003-1. 030 measures ability of kidneys to concentrate urine -increased spec. grav = (more concentrated urine) dehydration, low perfusion, too much ADH -decreased sep. grav = (les s concentrated urine) too much fluid, diabetes insipidus, or inability of kidneys to concentrate urine Creatnine Clearance- evaluates how well kidneys remove creatnine from blood -best estimate for GFR renal threshold of glucose = blood glucose level of at least 180 before it spills over in urine *bacturia- males 10,00 colonies, females 100,00 colonies of bacteria Renal Calculi/stones: Causes: dehydration, infection, change in urine pH, obstruction, diet, immobilization, metabolic factors S/S: CVA (Costal-vertebral angle) pain, N, abdominal distention, fever, chills, hematuria, pyruria DX: KUB, US, Urine cx, stone analysis, serum calcium & phosphorus to detect hormonal problems TX: hydration/push fluids, abx, toradol (relaxes ureters), diuretics NSG: strain urine, stone analysis, push fluids 3-4L/day, teach diet & s/s of obstructionAcute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis – bil. inflammation of glomeruli Causes: Strep infection, impetigo S/S: edema, azotemia, hematuria, oli guria, fatigue, HTN, na retention DX: elevated ASO (antistreptolysin-O titer), elevated electrolyte, BUN,& Creatnine, KUB-bil kidney enlargement TX: relief of symptoms, bedrest, fluid & sodium restrictions, abx, daily BUN & creatnine, diet- high calories, low protein sodium potassium & fluids. Acute Pyelonephritis sudden bacterial inflammation of kidney risk factors: urinary stasis, inablility to empty bladder (BPH/enlarged prostate), obstruction, sex, pregnancy, DM S/S: urinary freq. & urgency, dysuria, hematuria, elevated temp, chills, flank pain, anorexia, malaise UA: show pyuria, hematuria, low spec. gravity, alkaline pH, proteinuria, gycosuria, kentonuria TX: abx, analgesic, reculture urine 1 week after abx complete NSG: antipyretics, increase fluids, monitor for feverNephrotic syndrome -clinical manifestations caused by protein wasting secondary to diffuse glomerular damage usually after stress to immune system s/s: proteinuria, low albumin, edema, hyperlipidemia, hypovolemia nsg: low protein high calorie diet, i/o's, sodium & fluid restriction, weights, treat underlying cause Renal Failure Prerenal- obstructs flow to kidneys ex: CV disease, hypovolemia, peripheral vasodilation, severe vasoconstriction Intrarenal- poisions kidney tissue x: acute glomerular nephritis, pyelonephritis, sickle cells, lupus Postrenal- bladder obstruction, treteral obstruction S/S of Acute Renal Failure: anorexia, uremic breath, oliguria, n/v/d -elevated BUN/creatnine & K+ -low pH, Bicarb, Hgb & Hct Tx: reestablish effective renal function, high calorie diet, diet low in protein sodium & potassium, restrict fluid, vitamin supplements, MONITOR FOR HYPERKALEMIA NSG: i/o's, monitor electrolytes, h, & vitals, check for pericarditis, small frequent meals BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) prostatic growth that may block urethra -blockage can cause UTI's, delayed urinary emptying detrusor muscles weakends results in urinary retention– pt unable to urinate can cause uremia, b ladder rupture & peritonitis TURP (Transurethral Resection of Prostate) -surgery that uses a resectoscope to go in urethra & clip out portions of prostate -continous bladder irrigation to prevent clots nsg: keep penis clean. never remove foley, Kegel exercises

Illegal Immigration and enforcement of laws Essay

America, as we know it today, is a melting pot of many nationalities, cultures, races, ethnic backgrounds, and religious pursuits. This is the result of the early massive immigration to American shores from countries across the globe seeking a new life inside the borders of the United States. This dream has not waned despite the march of time, with individuals coming from all walks of life, striving to fulfill their dreams of starting a new life for themselves and their families in the United States, or to send them financial support to alleviate the living conditions of their loved ones abroad. But recent times and events have turned the once open gates for these immigrants to closing windows of opportunity as the United States enforces some of the harshest laws primed to keep illegal immigrants from ever setting foot on American soil. The latest battleground for the enforcement of laws regarding the entry and stay of illegal immigrants in the United States is in the state of Arizona. Arizona Senate Bill 1070, the new debatable statute that empowers the police in the state to demand for the papers of any individual that they believe to have illegally entered the United States. Some of the law’s main advocates include the chief of the Maricopa police department, Joe Arpaio and Russell Pearce, the chief sponsor of the bill in the state Senate. Pearce has a personal angle to work for the strict enactment of the bill-Pearce’s son was shot to death by an illegal immigrant (Nathan Thornburgh). As Arizona Governor Jan Brewer affixed his signature to the controversial bill, enacting the same into law within the borders of the state, critics and opponents of the measure guaranteed that the measure’s passage into law will be met with stiff opposition. Many of the opponents of the bill promised stiff legal sanctions and economic boycotts poised to train their guns at Arizona, an event that the state can ill afford as the state is still in the morass of the housing sector collapse that has buffeted the economy of the United States. In the moments before the bill was signed, protesters and police clashed in a rally that has led to minor clashes with authorities, with more than 1,500 people chanting, praying, criticizing or praising Brewer as he began to enact the law. Four of the protesters were taken into custody, after engaging police in a bottle throwing battle, with authorities clad in riot gear (Craig Harris, Alia Beard Rau and Glen Creno). The Republican governor is faced with a vigorous challenge in the primaries and will need the support of the Conservative bloc to hold on to her office, averred that the new statute is one of the new instruments that the state will use in addressing the crisis that they were not responsible in creating, and stated that the Federal government has refused to address this issue at their level. The new legislation has put Arizona squarely in the national spotlight, with no less than United States President weighing in on the matter and CNN broadcasting the signing of the law by Brewer live (Harris, Rau and Creno). In the opinion of Dr. George Weissinger, Ph. D. , the problem with the illegal immigrants coming through the widely porous border regions of the United States with its southern neighbor is a dilemma that is not confined to the problem with U. S. -Mexico immigration problems, and opines that the enforcement of the present set of immigration laws by the United States government only contributes to the ever-increasing illegal immigrant population of the United States. Weissinger (2003) argues that much of the societal perceptions of the illegal alien in the United States vary from the sympathetic to the bigoted. With this type of confusion on the response of the society to the true plight of the illegal immigrants entering the United States, the responses as mentioned above are to be expected (Weissinger). What is considered to be a prime catalyst in the formation of the opinions of the society against or for the illegal immigrants is the media; the media usually characterizes the illegal alien as one who crosses over the border of his own country to the next, with nothing more spurring him/her on than the possibility of being able to find a means of employment that will allow them to fend for their families back in their own native lands. But with the events that occurred that tragic day on the 11th of September, 2001, the image of the illegal alien has radically been transformed. The media is a powerful conveyor of the way that the illegal immigrant is portrayed in American or any other society. When the news broadcast images of immigrant day laborers, this image will serve as the standard by which society deems what it defines to be the image of the illegal aliens in the society (Weissinger). Many of these characterizations are more inclined on the aesthetics rather than the economic, health or issues that deal with conflicts with the law. Many residents in the area that illegal immigrant congregate usually fear a decrease in their property values, or even some have the notion that the illegal immigrants might become a hindrance to their business activities. These illegal immigrants flock to many locations in the United States where they hope that potential employers will hire them for the day, thus allowing them to send some financial aid to their families back home. But even without the Arizona and California laws, there is ample laws provided to the Federal government to deal with the problem of illegal immigrants (Weissinger). The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), under Title 8 USC Section 1357, has appointed officers and other personnel to implement the law on illegal immigrants, allowing them the mandate to question suspected illegal immigrants with regards to their continued stay in the United States, even without the benefit and requirement of a warrant. But unfortunately, the agency has been remiss in this duty to address this problem even before the enactment of the controversial Arizona statute. In the operating policy of the INS, now officially known as the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (BICE), the target of the body is not the illegal immigrants themselves, but the employers who hire these illegal immigrants, removing the demand, and not the supply, in an effort to discourage illegal immigrants from coming to the United States to find employment. These operating policies developed as a result of the implementation of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (Weissinger). But Arizona is not alone among the states of the Union trying to address their problems with regards to the burgeoning number of illegal aliens in their states. The Washington Times, known as a conservative publication, has recently reported that the illegal immigrant statute in California is akin to the one being enacted and implemented in Arizona. The Post reports that in the Penal Code of California, section 834b, states that California law enforcement units should fully cooperate with the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) with regards to any individual that is taken into custody if the person is allegedly in the United States under the premise on infringing existing United States immigration laws. Advocates of the Arizona law aver that the basis of the law in the state simply follows the gist of existing Federal statutes regarding illegal immigrants. Laws that have been implemented by the Federal government for the past seven decades. The text of the California section reads as follows: With respect to any such person who is arrested, and suspected of being present in the United States in violation of federal immigration laws, every law enforcement agency shall do the following: (1) Attempt to verify the legal status of such person as a citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted as a permanent resident, an alien lawfully admitted for a temporary period of time or as an alien who is present in the United States in violation of immigration laws. The verification process may include, but shall not be limited to, questioning the person regarding his or her date and place of birth, and entry into the United States, and demanding documentation to indicate his or her legal status (Dennis Romero). George Orwell, author of such works as â€Å"Animal Farm† and â€Å"1984†, states that one of the great tragedies in crafting such important legislation, is that thousands of dollars in taxpayer’s money are wasted in crafting these laws. Many eagerly anticipate for the passage of the law, then downgrade the importance of actually enforcing the law itself. In the time that the debate on the need of the law in the first place, the very thing that the law was crafted for in the first place remains and grows, becoming part and parcel of the life of the society. Until such time that the issue has become too damaging to the society, it is only in that time that the law will be once again resurrected to address the problem, which could have been addressed if the law was enforced earlier (Arizona Immigration Laws). The law that empowered the INS/BICE to enforce the laws on immigration was originally crafted by the United States Congress, with both houses giving unanimous support to the immigration bills, as the laws were enacted in the early years of the 20th century. The laws against illegal immigration were rendered to the hands of the President of the United States, with the belief that the Executive branch will be able to faithfully execute the tenets of the law. The enforcement of the laws went smoothly until the 1960’s, when the implementation of the civil rights laws in the United States and the rigorous enforcement of the laws regulating Hispanic immigration into America found themselves at loggerheads in the political circle. Unfortunately, the law against the entry of illegal immigrants coming from the southern American neighbors, particularly Hispanic immigrants, was overthrown to accommodate the caprices of United States Democrat senators, caring more for the support of the affluent farmers in their constituencies than assuring that the laws against the entry of illegal immigrants into the United States was conscientiously enforced (Arizona). But are immigrants actually those that are in violation of United States immigration laws? According to Dr. Weissinger (2003), those that violate immigration laws are not considered as immigrants. In his opinion, there is a wide degree of differentiation against those that willingly infringe on the laws of the United States, and those immigrants that apply for residency in the United States, faithfully complying with the many requirements needed to gain legal citizenship in the United States. The confusion between the two contributes to the illogical responses and connotations attached to the illegal issue and picturing these two as equal issues is the result of dubious logic (Weissinger). The emphasis of the current administration on the strict, unyielding enforcement of the immigration laws has given way to a increased number of deportations by the BICE. In the statement of ICE assistant secretary John Morton, ICE is expected to acquire the needed resources and logistics that will allow the agency to deport more than 400,000 illegal immigrants in 2010. This figure, according to Morton, is an increase of 10 percent over the figures posted the previous year. In addition, increasing numbers of raids on companies and businesses that are allegedly contracting the services of illegal immigrants have registered an increase of nearly four times than the entire administration of former President George W. Bush. In the statement of the ICE, the priority of the agency is the location, arrest and eventual deportation of convicted criminals and other lawless elements in the United States illegally (Jurist Legal News and Research Services, Inc. ). The Department of Homeland Security is also fine tuning its resources intended to enforce Federal immigration laws, revising its 287g program, that gave a mandate to local police authorities to implement immigration statutes, which is considered one of the more disputable aspects of American border policy. But critics of the program aver that the program, originally intended to determine the identity of criminals in the United States in violation of immigration laws, has led to racial profiling by the police authorities in the areas where immigrants abound. They aver that the law gave the power to law enforcement authorities to arrest illegal immigrants even om such minor citations as a broken tail light. But many of the supporters aver the efficaciousness of the program, saying the program has become an effective tool in addressing the problem of illegal immigration (Miriam Jordan). In the new policy to be released by the DHS, the powers of the police to interrogate and arrest illegal immigrants, with the intent of preventing sheriff and police personnel to accost suspected illegal immigrants on the premise that they have violated some fictitious infarction as a means of initiating deportation proceedings against the individual. In the last two years, according to the data released by the Homeland Security Department, approximately 120,000 alleged illegal immigrants were identified with the use of the program, with the majority of the cases ending in deportation of the suspected illegal immigrant. Arpaio, one of the staunchest supporters of the Arizona illegal immigrants law, is also considered one of the most active enforcers of the program on the local level. But the Maricopa sheriff is under investigation by no less than the United States Department of Justice, investigating claims that Maricopa sheriff deputies have utilized skin color as a front to detain Hispanics that they believe are illegal immigrants (Jordan). With approximately 10. 8 million illegal immigrants in the United States, the issue of immigration is considered to be one of the most heavily debated issues in the United States. The Arizona statute, regarded as the harshest measure enacted by a state in recent history against the problem of illegal immigrants, requires that local police establish the fact that a person is an illegal immigrant, that they have logical basis to do so, and to place under police custody those individuals who fail to prove or to present documents that they are in the United States legally. Under the law, the acts of transporting an illegal immigrant and to hire day laborers are also penalized. In the opinion of Senator Pearce, he believes that handcuffs, used on the ‘right’ individuals, can be considered as an effective crime fighting tool (Tim Gaynor, David Schwartz). At present, there is a large number of undocumented illegal immigrants in the United States. Spread across such states as California, New Mexico, Arizona, and Texas, the number of illegal immigrants, those that are here to find work and also those who are in America for more nefarious ends, continues to expand due to the reluctance of the Federal government to adequately and faithfully enforce United States laws on illegal immigration. As such, they are becoming burdensome on the systems of the United States; health care, welfare, education, employment and other programs of the Federal government, resources that should have been used for those that are in the United States legally and for its citizens (Arizona). Works Cited Arizona Immigration Law. â€Å"The Dilemma of Illegal Immigrtion: Enforcment of Current Federal/ State Laws versus Reform. † Gaynor, Tim, Schwartz, David. â€Å"Arizona passes tough illegal immigration law†. Harris, Craig, Rau, Alia Beard, Creno, Glen, â€Å"Arizona govenor signs immigration law; foes promise fight†. Arizona Republic. 24 April 2010. Jordan, Miriam. â€Å"New Curbs Set on Arrests of Illegal Immigrants†. Wall Street Journal 11 July 2009. Jurist Legal News and Research Services, Inc. â€Å"US government increasing enforcement of immigration laws: report†. Romero, Dennis. â€Å"California’s Illegal-Immigration Enforcement Law is Tougher than Arizona’s†. Thornburgh, Nathan. â€Å"Arizona Police Split on Immigration Crackdown†. Time Magazine 30 April 2010. Weissinger, George, Ph. D. â€Å"The Illegal Alien Problem: Enforcing the Immigration Laws†.

Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker

he wrote in his small diary, a diary which could get Winston in lots of trouble with the Thought Police. But to Winston expressing ... Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker Free Essays on Why Winston Is A Critical Thinker Being a critical thinker isn’t easy. It’s a skill that has to be acquired over time and practice. Being a critical thinker means that you don’t only look at the facts but you look at an idea from every possible angle, while formulating your own thoughts and meanings. The character of Winston from George Orwell’s 1984 is a perfect example of a critical thinker. Winston is able to think critically about Big Brother, because he is able to formulate his own ideas on what is right and wrong about the parties’ policies. Winston’s ideas formulated through thinking critically cause him to revolt against the parties’ suppression of sex, truth and free deliberation. Although Winston’s actions lead to his torture, it is safe to say that his critical thinking brings him real life because he is able to think outside the bubble and become an individual. Orwell in relation to Winston was also a critical thinker. In fact, Orwell used the cha racter of Winston to express his own critical views on government, and to influence his audience to become critical thinkers At the start of 1984, the reader learns that Winston the protagonist is living in a harsh and oppressive world, a world were everyone has been brain-washed to think as Big Brother wants them to think, and not as individuals. From the start of the book Winston shows that he doesn’t conform to how the government wants him to act. He is a critical thinker because he doesn’t think like everyone else. All the other citizens just accept that there are telescreens spitting out propaganda and watching their every move, or that Big Brother controls and monitors all actions of their lives. Winston doesn’t conform his ideas like Big Brother wants him to, instead Winston thinks of rebellion and freedom. â€Å"Down with Big Brother,† were the words he wrote in his small diary, a diary which could get Winston in lots of trouble with the Thought Police. But to Winston expressing ...

The Natural Harmony of Organic Architecture

The Natural Harmony of Organic Architecture Organic Architecture is a term that American architect Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) used to describe his environmentally integrated approach to architectural design. The philosophy grew from the ideas of Wrights mentor, Louis Sullivan, who believed that form follows function. Wright argued that form and function are one. Author Jà ³sean Figueroa argues that Wrights philosophy grew from the American Transcendentalism of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Organic architecture strives to unify space, to blend interiors and exteriors, and create a harmonic built environment not separate or dominant from nature but as a unified whole. Frank Lloyd Wrights own homes, Taliesin in Spring Green, Wisconsin and Taliesin West in Arizona, exemplify the architects theories of organic architecture and lifestyle Wright was not concerned with architectural style, because he believed that every building should grow naturally from its environment. Nevertheless, Wrights architectural elements found in the prairie house - overhanging eaves, clerestory windows, one-story rambling open floor plans - are elements found in many of Wrights designs. In Spring Green, the structure Wright designed that is now the Taliesin Visitors Center is like a bridge or a dock on the Wisconsin River: the roofline of Taliesin West follows the Arizona hills, stepping in downward paths toward pools of liquid desert. Wrights architecture seeks harmony with the land, be it desert or prairie. Definition of Organic Architecture A philosophy of architectural design, emerging in the early 20th cent., asserting that in structure and appearance a building should be based on organic forms and should harmonize with its natural environment. - Dictionary of Architecture and Construction Modernist Approaches to Organic Design In the last half of the twentieth century, Modernist architects took the concept of organic architecture to new heights. By using new forms of concrete and cantilever trusses, architects could create swooping arches without visible beams or pillars. Parque Gà ¼ell and many other works by the Spanish Antoni Gaudà ­ have been called organic. Modern organic buildings are never linear or rigidly geometric. Instead, wavy lines and curved shapes suggest natural forms. Classic examples of modernist approaches to organic architecture include the Sydney Opera House by Danish architect Jà ¸rn Utzon and the Dulles International Airport with its swooping, wing-like roofs by Finnish architect Eero Saarinen. Modern approaches are less concerned with integrating architecture within the surrounding environment as did Frank Lloyd Wright. The World Trade Center Transportation Hub by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava may well represent a modernist approach to organic architecture. The white-winged Oculus is an organic form in the center of a new complex of towers, and memorial pools, is how Architectural Digest described it, at the sites of the two that fell in 2001. Taliesin as Organic Architecture Wrights ancestry was Welsh, and Taliesin is a Welsh word. Taliesin, a Druid, was a member of King Arthurs Round Table, Wright has said. It means shining brow and this place now called Taliesin is built like a brow on the edge of the hill, not on top of the hill because I believe you should never build on top of anything directly. If you build on top of the hill, you lose the hill. If you build on one side of the top, you have the hill and the eminence that you desire. You see? Well, Taliesin is a brow like that. Houses should not be boxes set together row on row. If a house is to be architecture, it must become a natural part of the landscape. The land is the simplest form of architecture, wrote Frank Lloyd Wright. Both Taliesin properties are organic because their designs adapt to the environment. Horizontal lines mimic the horizontal range of hills and shoreline. The slope of a roof mimics the slope of the land. If you cant get to tour the Wright homes in Wisconsin and Arizona, perhaps a short trip to southern  Pennsylvania would illuminate the nature of organic architecture. Many people have heard of Fallingwater, the private home nestled on top of a hillside stream. Through the use of modern materials - steel and glass - cantilever construction enabled the structure to appear like smooth concrete stones skipping along the Bear Run waterfalls. Very near Fallingwater, another Wright-designed home, Kentuck Knob, may be more landlocked than its neighbor, yet the roof almost becomes the forest floor as one walks around the house. These two homes alone exemplify organic architecture and construction at Wrights best. So here I stand before you preaching organic architecture: declaring organic architecture to be the modern ideal and the teaching so much needed if we are to see the whole of life, and to now serve the whole of life, holding no traditions essential to the great TRADITION. Nor cherishing any preconceived form fixing upon us either past, present or future, but - instead - exalting the simple laws of common sense  - or of super-sense if you prefer - determining form by way of the nature of materials... - Frank Lloyd Wright, An Organic Architecture, 1939 Sources The Philosophy of Organic Architecture by Jà ³sean Figueroa,  CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014Organic Architecture: The Other Modernism by Alan Hess, Gibbs Smith, 2006New Organic Architecture: The Breaking Wave by David Pearson, University of California Press; 2001The Future of Architecture by Frank Lloyd Wright, New American Library, Horizon Press, 1953, pp. 21, 41Dictionary of Architecture and Construction edited by Cyril M Harris, McGraw-Hill, 1975, pp. 340-341Santiago Calatrava Explains How He Designed the Oculus For Future Generations by Elizabeth Fazzare, Architectural Digest online posted October 24, 2017, https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/santiago-calatrava-explains-designed-oculus-for-future-generations

Roger Ebert Review Nichols, Why are Ethical issues central to Essay

Roger Ebert Review Nichols, Why are Ethical issues central to Documentary Filmmaking - Essay Example ilmmaker with the ability to film familiar problems in the society that would probably not catch anyone’s interest in a renewed distinctive perspective thereby wins the audience attention. His filming techniques are able to arouse the audience feelings making them think of how to get solutions to the problems other than just living with the problems. Roger and Me documentary faced several ethical challenges. Michael Moores did not inform the social actors of the repercussions of taking part in the film. It was his responsibility to explain to his subjects the objectives of the documentary, how it would affect their public image and any compensations for any bad effect. The audience tend to believe what they see or hear, therefore, the people of Flint, Michigan, who were interviewed in the documentary, especially Miss Michigan did not deserve being portrayed as foolish to the public. The main objective of a documentary to tell the truth, it is a challenge to the filmmaker whether to tell the subjects of harmful effects of taking part or choosing not to film so as not to lie to the audience (Nichols). The filmmakers sometimes withhold informed consent as it would ruin their film if they revealed their intentions or the actual effects of a film. Michael Moore withheld the informed consent from the people of Flint, Michigan which is an act of deception which did not protect the social actors’ dignity and rights despite delivering a truthful piece to the

Describe and analyze how African Americans responded to both the ideas Essay

Describe and analyze how African Americans responded to both the ideas and the actions that leading to the American Revolution - Essay Example The principle of freedom attracted the blacks to the cause of the American Revolution (Kaplan and Kaplan 3). Since both Britain and America offered â€Å"freedom,† the blacks chose the parties that made the best and fastest proposals, not knowing that they would renege on their promises. The African Americans responded to the ideas and actions that led to the American Revolution by publishing literature works, joining the protests against the additional taxes on Americans, demanding freedom and equality, negotiating terms of freedom, bringing their cases to courts, and soon, supporting either the British as loyalists, or the Americans as patriots, during the American Revolution. Literature helped African Americans express their sentiments regarding slavery, although as slave/writers, they hid their messages under religious terms. Jupiter Hammon is considered as the first Black writer to publish in America (Reuben par. 1). His works appeared religious only, but they also dealt with the themes of race, slavery, and the isolation of slaves from the whites (Reuben par. 1). During this time, slaveholders had the responsibility of approving and editing the works of their slaves, and so Hammon’s careful use of words with double meaning underscores his ability to exploit literature as a means of expressing his indignation against social injustice because of racial discrimination (Reuben par. 1). In Hammon’s poem, â€Å"An Evening Thought: Salvation by Christ, With Penitential Cries,† he stresses that only Jesus Christ can save humanity. His religious exhortations most probably pleased his master so well without recognizing that Hammon also demands the salvation of his enslaved race. After establishing that Jesus is salvation, he says: â€Å"Dear Jesus, we would fly to Thee,/And leave off every Sin† (3.1-3.2). In other words, he is saying that blacks can receive salvation or freedom through religion too. Hammon compares the captive spi rits of Christians and slaves in discreet terms: â€Å"Salvation now comes from the Lord,/He being thy captive slave† (8.3-8.4). He believes that the Lord will grant salvation even unto slaves. When Hammon speaks of hunger for faith, he connotes the hunger for freedom too: â€Å"Ho! every one that hunger hath,/Or pineth after me,/Salvation be thy leading Staff,/To set the Sinner free† (16.1-16.4). He asserts that whites and blacks are all sinners and will equally be freed by God’s mercy. Before Hammon ends his poem, he underscores the equality of all, because Christ does not choose who to save among all His children: â€Å"Salvation high and low;/ And thus the Soul on Christ rely,/ To heaven surely go† (18.2-18.4). High and low means all races, and they will all go to the same paradise, if they cannot get this paradise in America. Another slave, Phillis Wheatley, takes literature as a means of expressing her thoughts on racism and freedom. In her poem, â €Å"An Elegiac Poem, on the Death of that Celebrated Divine, and Eminent Servant of Jesus Christ, the Late Reverend, and Pious George Whitefield,† she slowly shifts the pronouns used to transfer American citizenship to all, including slaves. At first, she says â€Å"When his AMERICANS were burden'd sore† (line 15). Later on, she states: â€Å"Great COUNTESS! we Americans revere/Thy name, and thus condole thy grief sincere† (45-46). By choosing the first plural person â€Å"we,†

Understanding Property Markets. To what extent does property market Essay

Understanding Property Markets. To what extent does property market failure give a necessary and sufficient case for public intervention using planning controls - Essay Example current financial crisis clearly indicates that the nexus of the financial as well as property market can lead to the overall failure of the markets because the volatile nature of one market can readily impact another market if they are correlated with each other in any sense. In the past, it has been the practice of the financial institutions that they greatly offered easy money which allowed relatively higher volume of people to buy their own homes. This phenomenon, however, also gave rise to the speculative activity within the market which not only led to the price appreciation but also made the market more volatile and prone to economic shocks. This effect has been so much that it was estimated that more than 590 billion British Pounds were wiped out from the property market only during 2008. (Knapton, 2008). Such symptoms indicate that the property market is prone to failure and as such may require the government intervention in the market through planning controls. This essay will discuss whether the recent failure makes a case for government to intervene in the property market or not. It is argued that the free markets do not always provide the efficient allocation of resources. There are various causes of market failure and as such information imperfections, externalities as well as capital market imperfections are some of the causes which can be cited as the few major reasons behind the failure of the markets. (Keep,2006). Whether government shall intervene into markets to correct them or not is an issue of great debate which has been re-emerged again. During 1990s, it was argued that the extension of credit has a greater macroeconomic impact on the economy as credit has extensive linkages with different markets such as property markets as well as consumer durables.(Eichengreen & Mitchener, 2004). Property markets along with other markets, therefore, started to grow and reached to a level where it failed to accommodate the economic shocks and resulted

Art Deco Concepts and Ideas | History of Art

Art Deco Concepts and Ideas | History of Art Throughout history, man has observed and experienced numerous movements and births in the world of art and architecture that influenced life and dwelling. Some movements were mere fads that lasted several seconds in the larger scale of time, others were strong influencers that lasted beyond their years, either physically or in the minds and hearts of many. Art Deco, a movement that started in the early 1920s in the arts that translated immediately into architecture is undeniably one of the strongest iconic movements that effected the lives of many and has its dominant mark on the physical world. The movement still remains alive in various forms of pop culture reappearances and in actual physical standing buildings and structures and not as a movement in action, but simply in examples to remind people of a certain times allure. What sets Art Deco apart from other movements is its collectivity of several other movements and attempts in the world of art and architecture. The purpose of this paper is to identify and elaborate on the myriad of art and architectural styles that contributed into making Art Deco what it was/is. Also, since Art Deco was a dominant force made up of many successful styles, what made it last a relatively short period as a movement, yet some of its characteristics are used and found in subsequent styles still. The Beginning of Art Deco (a history): The birth of Art Deco was interesting in the sense that the movement started before the birth of the name Art Deco in 1968 where it was first used by Bevis Hillier as the title for his book on the decorative arts of the 1920s and the 1930s that are the actual years the movement belonged to. The Term originated from the distinguished exhibition of decorative and industrial arts held in Paris, France in 1925 called Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs et Industriels Modernes. In terms of the concept and feel of the exhibition, The Paris exhibition is like a city in a dream, and the sort of dream that would give the psychoanalysts a run for their money (Vogue, London August 1925). The exhibition was a gathering pot where many artists and architects unveiled their works of art that later strengthened and inspired the concoction of the decorative motif style. The use of Art Deco as a label at that time was non-existent and the contemporary art was called Art Modernes in France a nd Modernistic art in the United States. Although numerous people think of the United States and American artists when it comes to Art Deco and the birth of Art Deco, the movement was actually birthed by European styles. The two chief countries that sparked the Art Deco motion were Germany and France. The movement was not a instant spark, it evolved quietly throughout the early 1920s and saw its climax at the Parisian exhibition, then it gradually saw its way across many countries especially the United States in a concentrated way which is why many people think of the Art Deco style as an American style. Defining Art Deco/Influences: Art Deco as a movement is almost impossible to define in a brief sentence or idea. The movement incorporated many elements, genres of design, and artistic/architectural movements that it becomes necessary to view and appreciate it as a large sum of minor components rather than a single entity. Some of the components that birthed Art Deco may even seem to clash or repel each other, yet, in reality they work harmoniously. For example, Germany and France in the immediate years post World War1 had different styles in art and architecture. The German approach was more towards Modernism, meaning having crisp and angular functionalism in design and an emphasis on clean geometry. Paris however had a style that was delightfully playful, a decorative style that is closest to the Art Nouveau Vernacular which was to be eradicated by its disciples. These two extremes are the two major movements that make up Art Deco as we know it, however, they are not the only movements or influences. At that ti me, the more lively style that is described as leisurely, comforting, and a representation of wealth arrived to the United States before the rigid German style thus helping the growth and spread of Art Decos decorative ways in the country. Along side the German modern style of design and the Art Nouveau movement, Art Deco barrowed influences and inspiration from many styles. Not only did Art Deco include many art or architectural styles, it was also influenced by historical aspects and futuristic ideologies. Deco was described as to contain elements from the ancient past to the distant future (Duncan, Alastair, 7). A past historical influence that is very evident in the style of Art Deco is the Ancient Pharaoh civilization and the Egyptian culture mania that overtook Paris after Tutankhamuns tomb discovery by Howard Carter in 1922. Combined with the mesmerizing Egyptian elements that were easily adopted as decorative motifs in Art Deco, more exotic inspirers played a role in influencing the style, such as Mayan temples, tribal African sculptures, the Ballets Russes, and Japanese lacquer-work. The decorative motifs of the Assyrian, Babylonian, and Sumer cultures also influenced and stimulated some Art Deco architects as did the Medieval and Byzantine architecture. Further more, classical structures and sculptures of the Roman and Greek cultures also played a part in the forming of Art Deco, however, the Art Deco architects were against the Beaux-Arts Neoclassicism, thus they adorned their classically based buildings and structures with modernized elements and figures of classical mythology in a playful strictly aesthetically decorative manner. Since Art Deco is not an instant reaction to another styles action, it truly had lesser rules in style than most other movements, and it probably had the most relaxed and forgiving rules when it came to re-interpreting another styles elements, or completely borrowing an element. For example, if an architect was commissioned by a client who is fascinated by maritime activity, and wanted to have elements of that show in the building, an Art Deco architect would design an art piece of a boat or an anchor in the exact same forms and colors from a decorative material and adorn the building with it. What makes this action possible and feasible is Art Decos strong dependency on Industrial design. The strong streamlined forms of industrial design and techniques of art creating through industrial commercial ways truly helped the Art Deco movement and added another very powerful component to the previously mentioned elements that make up the fabric of the movement. As previously mentioned, it seems that the components of Art Deco are countless, all equally stimulating and important in their own right. The French Rationalism style of building and the Art Nouveau movement in the early 1900s before the 1920s for example were important precursors of Art Deco. Auguste Perrets Rue Franklin apartment building, c.1902, which was extensively glazed and revolutionized the building techniques with the use of reinforced concrete works as a foreshadow of Art Deco and what was to come. The heavy ornaments on Perrets building work as a bridge from the more stylized floral style decorations to the ordered and less organic famous floral motifs of Art Deco such as the lotus leaves. Along side Art Nouveau, another powerful movement that influences many Art Deco buildings is Expressionism in both its industrial German style and the brick building Dutch style. The style of the Expressionist architecture in its emotional and beautifying methods is clearly visible in the Art Deco designs. Although the movement was prior to the First World War, it had a strong comeback in the 1920s and famous expressionist buildings such as Peter Behrens monumental glass and steel turbine factory, c.1908, served as a model and inspiration for Art Deco designs. The Exhibition hall by Hans Poelzig in Poznan, Poland, c. 1911, also worked as a muse and model for following Art Deco artists. In terms of the brick building expressionism, three major Dutch influencers of Art Deco were Johan Melchior van der Mey, Michel de Klerk, and Piet Lodewijk whose work included brick, glass, and concrete in a stylized structural and decorative manner that can be linked directly to Art Deco. Italian Futurist architect Antonio SantElia was another major influencer on the Art Deco movement although a few rare projects of his were built and the majority remained sketches on paper. SantElias Monza cemetery, 1912, is an example of his work where decorative designs and heavy use of ornamentation in glass and concrete may be found and linked to Art Deco. In the United States, the Chicago School of Architectures massive vertical steel skeleton buildings made in the Moderne style from 1875-1910 count as influencers of Art Deco. From that group, Louis Sullivan and his student Frank Lloyd Wright specifically are the two architects whose works most hold links and bridges to Art Deco. Frank Lloyd Wrights work included many heavily ornamented buildings both in the exterior and interior with sharp geometry and studied repeated patterns and motifs in brick and concrete that are very much Art Deco-esque such as the Midway Gardens in Chicago built in 1914. (first half) *In Addition to the prior information, the following outline titles will be discussed in the second half, which is the more theoretical part structural wise. Elements of the Art Deco style: The characteristics that make a design original Art Deco, and specific elements that art deco must attain. Examples of famous art deco buildings: The buildings, and the theories and messages behind them. Writers opinion and analysis: My own personal opinion on the movement the and theories behind the movement, also, why I believe the movement failed to live longer even thought it seemed ultimately powerful ( the answer to my proposed question).